/* Research-only styles. Themes always form one vertical column. */
.research-page {
  --research-accent: #286b93;
  --research-line: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.25);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.research-page p,
.research-page p + p {
  margin: 0 0 1em;
  text-indent: 0;
}

.research-page .research-intro {
  margin-bottom: 2.25rem;
}

.research-page .research-intro h1 {
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.research-page .research-themes {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.research-page .research-theme {
  padding: 1.5rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--research-line);
  border-radius: 20px;
  background: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.035);
  scroll-margin-top: 6rem;
}

.research-page .research-theme-heading {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.research-page .research-theme-heading h2 {
  flex: 1 1 280px;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.65rem;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

.research-page .research-count {
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  white-space: nowrap;
  opacity: 0.75;
}

.research-page .research-question {
  color: var(--research-accent);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.research-page .research-animation-slot {
  min-height: 180px;
  margin: 1.35rem 0;
  border: 1px dashed var(--research-line);
  border-radius: 14px;
  background: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.025);
}

.research-page .research-orbit-animation {
  position: relative;
  /* 两个嵌入动画统一为横向 4:3；高度随页面宽度变化，不裁切画面。 */
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  margin: 1.35rem 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 14px;
  background: #0c1017;
  color: #e7edf5;
}

.research-page .research-orbit-canvas {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}

/* 波形透明层只负责下方的一条信号，尺寸与上方 WebGL 画布完全一致。 */
.research-page .research-waveform-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.research-page .research-animation-labels {
  position: absolute;
  left: 18px;
  top: 16px;
  pointer-events: none;
  font: 16px/1.6 Arial, sans-serif;
  color: #c8c1b7;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 4px #000;
}
.research-page .research-animation-labels small {
  display: block;
  font-size: 10px;
  color: #a19a91;
}
.research-page .research-animation-error {
  position: absolute;
  left: 18px;
  bottom: 14px;
  font-size: 12px;
}

.research-page .research-paper-list {
  margin: 0.75rem 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.research-page .research-paper {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 1rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--research-line);
}

.research-page .research-paper:last-child {
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

.research-page .research-paper-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.35rem 0.85rem;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.research-page .research-paper-details {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.research-page .research-papers summary {
  display: list-item;
  padding: 0.7rem 0;
  color: var(--research-accent);
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  list-style-position: inside;
}

.research-page .research-papers summary:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 0.2em;
}

.research-page .research-papers summary:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--research-accent);
  outline-offset: 3px;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

.research-page .research-paper-meta {
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
}

.research-page .research-paper h3 {
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 1.12rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.research-page a,
.research-page a:visited {
  color: var(--research-accent);
}

.research-page a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.research-page a:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--research-accent);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .research-page .research-theme {
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: 16px;
  }

  .research-page .research-theme-heading h2 {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    flex-basis: 100%;
  }

  .research-page .research-animation-slot {
    min-height: 140px;
  }
}